Stubborn Expectations

The major development underpinning the prospect for an early-century peak in human population and even earlier peak in civilizational power is a rapid and seemingly unexpected decline in fertility rates across the world. All regions except Africa are now below the replacement rate, and still falling.

Borneo’s Dayak combine Indigenous forest knowledge with modern peat management

The Indonesian government intends to release a total of 13 million hectares (32 million acres) from the national forest estate for leasehold management by local communities, a policy known as social forestry. Prior to the community forestry license, people’s relationship with the land was determined by an Indigenous Dayak system of customary rules and norms, known here as handil.